Mesoamérica, Ticiotl, Ticitl, Tepatl, Awápa

Abstract

"From yellow corn and white corn became its flesh” the Popol Vuh tells us. The hypothesis of the aloctonía raises that the American man is not autochthonous, but it came from the outside. Based on this hypothesis, several theories have been proposed: the theory of the single origin and the theory of multiple origins. The anthropologist and linguist Franz Boas showed that not all American languages are polysynthetic and binding, that there is no commonality between them. Between 2500 a. C. and 1521 d. C. much of the territory that now occupy Mexico and some Central American countries, sheltered one of the extensions of the ancient world, a cultural stage distinguished as Mesoamerica. The territory of Mesoamerica has a natural wealth, with great productive potential and potential for exchange, which are the fundamental factors in the integration of the Mesoamerican zone. The Mayans were one of the important peoples of the pre-Columbian culture that lived in the Yucatan Peninsula. His scientific and astronomical legacy is important. Copán one of the most important sites of the ancient Mayan Civilization, was the ceremonial and scientific center of the Classic period that most contributed to the development of astronomy and cosmogonic integration. Shamanism is the exercise of a traditional belief class with characteristics of animism that affirms the ability to diagnose and alleviate. Magic, medicine and religion formed a triumvirate that constituted the core of these cultures. The tícitl, the doctor, related his medical theory with magical elements, giving the practice of a cosmogonic empirical medicine Diverse medical specialties reflect the art of healing. The Mesoamerican cultures placed their divine origin in the encounter of the corn and the serpent, of the earth and the sun. Cold - heat bipolarity was an essential axis of prehispanic medical thinking as in ancient China. Among them, the link between religion and medicine is indissoluble. The Medicine in Mesoamerica treats of a own, autochthonous medical knowledge, that appeared as expression before enigmas of the surroundings, on the health, the hygiene and the weakness or fortitude before the illness.fortitude before the illness.